Bobruisk District Historical Economic Summaries

Provided by
The Minsk Historical Genealogy Group
Oleg Perzashkevich, Director

Village of Glusk

by Oleg Perzashkevich

Glusk before 1917

History

Late XV century - Glusk was mentioned for the first time as Glusk Dombrovitsky, a private possession of the Dukes Golshanskies (magnate family of Great Lithuanian Princedom). The castle was constructed there on the bank of Ptich river.

1506-1791 - Glusk Dombrovitsky was a shtetle in Novogrudok District of Novogrudok Province.

1508 - Glusk Dombrovitsky was the place where rebels, led by Duke Mikhail Glinsky, talk with Rech Pospolitaya and Muscovy Russia authorities about the former exodus to Muscovy Russia.

1525 - Polish King and Great Prince Sighizmund I Old awarded Yury Golshansky with the privilege to hold regular fairs in Glusk Dombrovitsky. Soon Jewish population appeared.

1558 - Duke Semyon Golshansky, who was the last male representative of that family, died and his vast estates were inherited by his 5 daughters. 2 of them, particularly Sofia and Yelena, had got Glusk castle and all lands and settlements around.

Early 1560s - Sofia Golshanskaya married Alexander Polubinsky and Glusk shtetle became a possession of Polubinsky noble family.

1560s - Vilno high official Yeronim Khodkevich married somebody from Polubinsky family, who had got Glusk from Sofia Golshanskaya as her dowry.

1568 - Yan Khodkevich was awarded the title of Count of Glusk, Shklov, Bykhov and Mysh, so Glusk became a center of Glusk County.

End XVI century - as a result of intermariages Glusk became a mutual possession of Polubinsky and Chartoryzhsky (Polish magnates) family. Such mutual ruling called for disputes and even armed conflicts.

1605-1618 - during the war between Rech Pospolitaya and Muscovy Russia Glusk inhabitants often fought against Rech Pospolitaya noble (shlyakhta) bands, which passed Glusk on the way to Moscow and tried to rob it.

1616 - most major battle between Glusk inhabitants and noble formation. Glusk won it and captured that formation baggage tranport. Shlyakhta robbed and burned some villages around in revenge.

1628 - to stop the discussion of the followers of Brest Church Union and Roman Catholics about the superiority in Glusk County that time Glusk owner Konstancy Polubinsky founded a Roman Catholic church in Glusk and two Roman Catholic chapels in close villages.

1662 - chief councillor of Volkovysk Province Alexander Polubinsky founded in Glusk splendid Roman Catholic church and the Cloister of St. Bernardus in stone.

1775 - Glusk was burned to the ground. After it the Supreme Warsaw Sejm (parliament) liberated Glusk from all taxes for next 10 years.

1793 - Glusk became a shtetle in Russian Empire.

1801-1917 - a shtetle in Bobruisk District of Minsk Province.

1818 - local believers built Orthodox church of Resurrection in Glusk.

1832 - the Cloister of St. Bernardus was closed and liquidated.

Vital Statistics

Jewish Life

In 1717 Jewish community of Glusk paid 600 Polish zlotys to the State Treasury of Rech Pospolitaya.

Traditional activities of local Jewish population were trade with timber, fabrics, cattle, vodka and famous "Glusk tea" (the drink that was made of local plants and was similar to tea in colour and functions). Since early time Ptych river was the main road for local habitants.

Since the privilege of 1525 Glusk began to develop as a local trade center.

By 1882 there were over 500 wooden houses in Glusk, but the only one stone building was the old closed cloister, built in 1662.

By 1900 there were 3 leather factories in Glusk. Here is the list of major business and trade enterprises of Glusk and the Subdistrict for 1902:

In 1909 in Glusk there were 870 houses.

General cultural information